Scientists say hair-based toothpaste could help prevent tooth decay

Scientists at King’s College London have developed a toothpaste made from hair that could repair damaged enamel and help prevent tooth decay.

The formula uses keratin protein extracted from hair or wool to create a crystal-like structure that draws in calcium and phosphate, rebuilding enamel in the process.

Tooth enamel does not naturally regenerate once lost. Researchers say the keratin layer can stop decay and seal exposed nerve channels, which may help reduce sensitivity. The material is sourced from biological waste, making it a more sustainable option compared to synthetic compounds used in some dental products.

Keratin is a fibrous protein found in hair, skin, nails, and animal wool. The team says its structural properties make it ideal for creating a scaffold similar to natural enamel, encouraging minerals to bind to the tooth surface. King’s College has been researching protein-based dental repair methods for years, aiming to create alternatives to fillings and synthetic resins.

Could be available within two years

The scientists are developing two versions of the product. One is a daily-use toothpaste for regular oral care, while the other is a gel designed for dentists to apply in targeted treatments. Both are still in testing, with early laboratory studies showing the keratin-based formula can repair microscopic cracks in enamel.

If clinical trials are successful and manufacturing partners come on board, the toothpaste could reach shelves within two to three years. Researchers say it could be used alongside existing fluoride treatments or as part of new dental care routines.